Aluminum:The chemical element of atomic number 13, a light silvery-gray metal.
Asthenosphere:The upper layer of the Earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
calcium:A white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust; an important component of most plants and animals.
Continental:Of or relating to or characteristic of a continent";"the continental divide";"continental drift".
Convection: The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material
Earthquake:A sudden & violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great distruction,as result of movements within the earth crust or volcanic action.
Earth's crust:The outer layer of the Earth.
element:Any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter.
Iron:Extremely robust; "an iron constitution".
Isostacey:the equilibrium that exists between parts of the earth's crust, which behaves as if it consists of blocks floating on the underllying mantle, rising if material ( such as an ice cap) is removed and sinking if material is deposited.
Lithosphere:The solid part of the earth.
minerals:plural of mineral-Composed of matter other than plant or animal; "the inorganic mineral world".
Oceanic:Relating to the ocean.
oxygen: A nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust.
Potassium:A light soft silver-white metallic element of the alkali metal group; oxidizes rapidly in air and reacts violently with water; is abundant in nature in combined forms occurring in sea water and in carnallite and kainite and sylvite.
Silicon:A tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors.
sodium:A silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt).
Volcanoe:A mountain or hill, Tipically conical,having a crater or ventthrough which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, & gas are or have been erupted from the Earth's crust.